Vernacular Architecture.
http://www.4shared.com/get/oRM6Y5Ry/Vernacular_Architecture.html
Chosen Exemplar House
Name: Marika-Alderton House
Architect: Glenn Murcutt
Location: Yirrkala Community, Northern Territory, Australia
Date: Completed in 1994
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| (Fromonot, 1995) |
Designed
for the artist Banduk Marika and her family, this house by the sea in
the Northern Territory presented Glenn Murcutt with multiple challenges.
Davies (2006) states that the problems were both technical and
cultural, how to create a tolerably comfortable domestic environment in
the selected climate without relying on culturally alien technologies
such as air conditioning. To make the challenge more interesting, the
site was also liable to be battered by hurricane-force winds and surge
tides.
The
house is entirely built without glass and according to their
orientation the walls are composed of broad plywood or slatted
tallow-wood shutters that can be tilted outwards to take advantage of
the cooling sea breezes. The outside of the structure is covered in
vertical fins that prevent the morning and evening sunrays from reaching
the outer wall while also assisting the natural cross ventilation
process as written by Fromonot (1995).
Davies
(2006) writes that the Marika-Alderton House is an entirely
prefabricated building, made by a couple of yacht builders in Sydney.
This is an economical building, almost agricultural in character that
caters for the Marika family and responds to the climate in a completely
sustainable and functionalist manner.
Glenn Murcutt’s idea of “to touch the Earth lightly”.
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| Floor Plan for the Marika-Alderton House |
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| Elevation for the Marika-Alderton House |
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| Section of the Marika-Alderton House |
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| Site Plan for the Marika-Alderton House |
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| Interior Volumetric Sketch of the Marika-Alderton House |
“It is as if these leaves of iron had fallen from the eucalypt trees to touch the earth lightly” – Glenn Murcutt.
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| (Fromonot, 1995) |
The
Marikia-Alderton house acts as and environmental filter by adapting to
the hot, tropical climate of Australia’s Northern Territory. Craven
(1999) states that by using a variety of sustainable design techniques
such as wide eaves to shelter from the sun, pivoting tubes along the
roof to expel hot air and vertical fins to direct cooling breezes into
the living spaces (as shown in the below diagram) the Marika-Alderton
house naturally filters the elements through sustainable design.
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| The above image shows the cross ventilation of the Marika-Alderton House. |
According
to Dovey (1996) the Marika family wanted the house to be designed to
frame the natural surroundings such as the mangroves, the sea, the
billabong and the waterhole. Murcutt also designed the house to minimise
its impact on the environment by respecting the path of the wind, while
at the same time making the occupants aware of the winds presence.
Fromonot (1995) discusses how Murcutt filters the fluid and luminous
essence of light throughout the interior of the building, using the flow
of natural sunlight to unify the spaces.
The Marika-Alderton House is Murcutt’s concept of a flexible shelter that filters the surroundings through its environmentally conscious design to create an atmosphere that brings the outside inside.
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| (Fromonot, 1995) |
http://dab310gosschalk.blogspot.com/2011/03/marika-alderton-house-environmental.html
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| (Fromonot, 1995) |
The
Marika family required a dwelling that would allow them to interact
with the surrounding environment, along the central hall of the
Marika-Alderton House, tilting plywood panels can be raised and lowered
like awnings to achieve this connection. As can be seen in the above
image by Fromonot (1995), the shutters tilt down to allow for more shade
as needed, they filter percolated light into the space, allow airflow
when open, tilted or fully closed, and create an additional opening for
interaction.
The
Marika Alderton house was designed to accommodate more than one family
by being a house that can be developed and expanded to allow for various
activities indoors. The bedrooms are to the Southwest of the house as
it proves to be the coolest part of the building in the evening which
allows a much more comfortable sleeping arrangement. Whilst the working
spaces are located in the Northwest corner of the house which is coolest
for morning activities as analysed by Henderson (n.d.).
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| (Fromonot, 1995) |
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| (Fromonot, 1995) |
Glenn
Murcutt creates a delightful experience within the building through his
analysis and sensitivity to both the specific weathering patterns of
the immediate site and of the greater climatic region. Henderson (n.d.)
states that ventilation in such a hot tropical climate becomes the
dominating factor in creating a comfortable and enjoyable place of
inhabitation.
 |
| (Fromonot, 1995) |
The
Marika Alderton House also creates a delightful experience for the
occupant through its shear simplicity and functionality. The house
responds directly to the surrounding environment through various
sustainable techniques, creating a desirable atmosphere in a hot
tropical climate. It is this approach that also instils delight within
the occupant, not the cosmetics of the structure, but the pure
efficiency of the completed design.
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